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Introduction
Animals have for many thousands of years been used as transport, either to carry people or good of trade.
(Non-human) animal-powered transport is a broad category of the human use of non-human working animals (also known as "beasts of burden") for the movement of people and goods.
Humans may ride some of the larger of these animals directly, use them as pack animals for carrying goods, or harness them, singly or in teams, to pull (or haul) sleds or wheeled vehicles.
Donkeys were domesticated in prehistoric times and employed extensively for carrying loads and, less commonly, for riding. Even kings appear to have made use of them, as recent excavations of Aha's tomb at Abydos, where ten donkey skeletons were found, indicate.
They were kept in large numbers throughout Egypt in spite of their not very docile character. In Ramesside times the temple of Amen alone had 11 million donkeys on its lands. Mules, taller than donkeys and more amenable, are known since the New Kingdom.
During the Graeco-Roman period horses were more available than they had been in earlier times and were occasionally used as beasts of burden, as some customs receipts show.
Camels have been known in Egypt probably since the beginning of the 2nd millennium BCE, but there is practically no evidence of their existence, let alone of their use as domesticated animals. Foreigners seem to have used camels in their trade with Egypt
...in the nineteenth and eighteenth centuries B.C. when Abraham and his immediate descendants appear to have lived, camels were already known in small numbers in the northwestern corner of the Arabian desert where the western Arabian trade route branched out to go to Egypt or further into Syria.
Richard W. Bulliet, The Camel and the Wheel, 1975
During the 'time of Jacob'
.... a company of Ishmeelites came from Gilead with their camels bearing spicery and balm and myrrh, going to carry it down to Egypt.
Genesis, 37
This passage is used as an illustration of (possibly anachronistic)
traditional views of transportation held by the Hebrews,
not as evidence of an historic event.
Camels were introduced into Egypt in larger numbers by the invading Persians in the 5th century BCE.

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